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Many experts like Aaron Wall, Darren Rowse, etc. have shared many useful tips and techniques for optimizing the websites or blogs so that they rank better. Some of the well-known SEO techniques for better rankings are as follows:

• Write High quality unique content : Before starting any other SEO activity, first you should be sure that the content on your website is of high quality and satisfies the need of the user.
  

• Optimize your sites with targeted keywords :
  When you develop a site, you should research on who are target users for your website. Once you know exactly for whom the site was designed, you should try to make changes in the site such that the targeted users should be able to use your site for satisfying their needs. You should research on what keywords the users will be using for fulfilling their objectives. You should make changes in your website’s content by adding the keywords in the domain name, URL, META tags, article headings and in the content. You may also make the keywords in the content bold or use them in sub-heading. Search engines will scan the content of your website and if it finds the matching keywords it will display in the SERPs. 

• Optimized URLs : The URL stands for uniform resource locator, which is nothing but the complete address of the webpage such as http://www.problogger.net/archives/2005/08/15/search-engine-optimization-for-blogs/ . The URL should include the targeted keywords. The URL should not short or abstract number, but meaningful words which the user uses for searching.
  

•  Optimized Title : The title of the webpage is what appears in the title bar of the Browser. This title should be meaningful and should contain targeted keywords. The title is what the user sees in the search engine results. So, the title should be attractive enough to invite a click from the user.

• Build links from other sites : Google is the most used and dominant search engine. It has its own Pagerank system, which is an important factor for ranking search results. The Pagerank system is basically based on considering links as a form of vote to the site. If site A links to site B, that link is considered as a vote favoring site B. So, if your site has many links from other websites called inbound links. Then your Pagerank is likely to go higher. Quality of Links is also important as is the quantity. Links from high quality sites have more weightage than low quality sites. Link Building is a very important SEO activity which always goes on continuously. So, you need to get as many quality inbound links as possible. This can be done only by writing high quality linkable content and providing motivation for other sites to link to your site.

• Social Media Promotion : You can promote your blog on social Bookmarking and social Networking sites like facebook, twitter, digg, myspace, etc.. This will not only bring some traffic from these social media sites, but also give your site valuable inbound links from social sites and from sites by visitors from social sites, who like your content.

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• Web Directory Listing : You can list your website in some of the web directories which provide list of sites according to categories. While you may get some traffic from these directories, you can also get valuable inbound links from these sites.
  

• Submit your sitemap : You should plan and build your website’s structure in such way that the user should be able to navigate easily between sections of your site. You can automatically build a sitemap of your site using many free tools for building sitemaps. Then you can manually submit your sitemap to the search engine, so that it can easily scan your entire website using the sitemap. This ensures that all your pages are indexed by the search engine. 

What is SEO? Part 1 : Need for Search

What is SEO? Part 2 : SERPs and Rankings

What is SEO? Part 3 : Meaning of SEO